Serveur d'exploration Nissiros

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Young pumice deposits on Nisyros, Greece

Identifieur interne : 000411 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000410; suivant : 000412

Young pumice deposits on Nisyros, Greece

Auteurs : Ellen M. Limburg [États-Unis] ; Johan C. Varekamp [États-Unis]

Source :

RBID : ISTEX:E31A19AE4258B8265EE0299301B82A81616769CA

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Abstract: The island of Nisyros (Aegean Sea) consists of a silicic volcanic sequence upon a base of mafic-andesitic hyaloclastites, lava flows, and breccias. We distinguish two young silicic eruptive cycles each consisting of an explosive phase followed by effusions, and an older silicic complex with major pyroclastic deposits. The caldera that formed after the last plinian eruption is partially filled with dacitic domes. Each of the two youngest plinian pumice falls has an approximate DRE volume of 2–3 km3 and calculated eruption column heights of about 15–20 km. The youngest pumice unit is a fall-surge-flow-surge sequence. Laterally transitional fall and surge facies, as well as distinct polymodal grainsize distributions in the basal fall layer, indicate coeval deposition from a maintained plume and surges. Planar-bedded pumice units on top of the fall layer were deposited from high-energy, dry-steam propelled surges and grade laterally into cross-bedded, finegrained surge deposits. The change from a fall-to a surge/flow-dominated depositional regime coincided with a trend from low-temperature argillitic lithics to high-temperature, epidote-and diopside-bearing lithic clasts, indicating the break-up of a high-temperature geothermal reservoir after the plinian phase. The transition from a maintained plume to a surge/ash flow depositional regime occurred most likely during break-up of the high-temperature geothermal reservoir during chaotic caldera collapse. The upper surge units were possibly erupted through the newly formed ringfracture.

Url:
DOI: 10.1007/BF00278207


Affiliations:


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Le document en format XML

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<term>Accretionary lapilli</term>
<term>Aegean world</term>
<term>Bimodal size distribution</term>
<term>Breccia</term>
<term>Bull geol</term>
<term>Bull volcanol</term>
<term>Bull volcanol carey</term>
<term>Caldera</term>
<term>Caldera collapse</term>
<term>Caldera floor</term>
<term>Caldera pumice</term>
<term>Caldera volume</term>
<term>Chemical composition</term>
<term>Circular isopachs</term>
<term>Clast</term>
<term>Clay chunks</term>
<term>Coastal exposure</term>
<term>Column collapse</term>
<term>Column height</term>
<term>Conduit</term>
<term>Crystal contents</term>
<term>Crystal mode</term>
<term>Deposit</term>
<term>Deposition</term>
<term>Depositional</term>
<term>Depositional regime</term>
<term>Dispersal axis</term>
<term>Dome collapse breccias</term>
<term>Druitt</term>
<term>Eastern mediterranean abyssal sediments</term>
<term>Eruption</term>
<term>Eruption column heights</term>
<term>Eruptive sequence</term>
<term>Experimental studies</term>
<term>Explosive eruptions</term>
<term>Facies</term>
<term>Fall layer</term>
<term>Finegrained surge deposits</term>
<term>Further upslope</term>
<term>Geol</term>
<term>Geotherm</term>
<term>Geothermal</term>
<term>Geothermal reservoir</term>
<term>Greek Aegean Islands</term>
<term>Hydrothermal alteration</term>
<term>Ignimbrite</term>
<term>Ignimbrite eruptions</term>
<term>Isopleth</term>
<term>Isopleth patterns</term>
<term>Keller</term>
<term>Large clasts</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Lava flows</term>
<term>Lava fragments</term>
<term>Limburg</term>
<term>Limestone</term>
<term>Lisa lodise</term>
<term>Lithic</term>
<term>Lithic clasts</term>
<term>Lithic contents</term>
<term>Lithic size</term>
<term>Lithics</term>
<term>Lodise</term>
<term>Loose crystals</term>
<term>Mafic</term>
<term>Mafic clasts</term>
<term>Mafic material</term>
<term>Mafic surges</term>
<term>Magma</term>
<term>Magma chamber</term>
<term>Magma discharge rate</term>
<term>Magmatic</term>
<term>Marginal column collapse</term>
<term>Marie magmatic clasts</term>
<term>Nikia lava flow</term>
<term>Nisyros</term>
<term>Nisyros caldera</term>
<term>Nisyros volcano</term>
<term>Older silicic</term>
<term>Pieter vroon</term>
<term>Plateau ignimbrite</term>
<term>Plinian</term>
<term>Plinian eruption</term>
<term>Plinian eruptions</term>
<term>Plinian fall</term>
<term>Plinian phase</term>
<term>Polybaric evolution</term>
<term>Proximal area</term>
<term>Pumice</term>
<term>Pumice clasts</term>
<term>Pumice fall</term>
<term>Pumice grains</term>
<term>Pumice mode</term>
<term>Pumice unit</term>
<term>Pumice units</term>
<term>Pyroclastic</term>
<term>Pyroclastic flow</term>
<term>Pyroclastic flows</term>
<term>Quaternary</term>
<term>Rhyodacitic nikia lava flow</term>
<term>Sigurdsson</term>
<term>Silicic</term>
<term>Size range</term>
<term>Stratigraphic</term>
<term>Stratigraphic relations</term>
<term>Surge</term>
<term>Surge activity</term>
<term>Surge beds</term>
<term>Surge deposits</term>
<term>Surge facies</term>
<term>Surge sequence</term>
<term>Tephra layers</term>
<term>Thickness distribution</term>
<term>Total thickness</term>
<term>Unaltered lava</term>
<term>Upper part</term>
<term>Upper surge units</term>
<term>Vinci</term>
<term>Volcanic eruption columns</term>
<term>Volcanol</term>
<term>Volcanol geotherm</term>
<term>Water condensation</term>
<term>Wavy bedding</term>
<term>Wesleyan university</term>
<term>Wohletz</term>
<term>Yali</term>
<term>Yali eruptions</term>
<term>ash flows</term>
<term>calderas</term>
<term>collapse structures</term>
<term>domes</term>
<term>eruptions</term>
<term>fallout</term>
<term>geothermal reservoirs</term>
<term>grain size</term>
<term>island arcs</term>
<term>isopach maps</term>
<term>lithostratigraphy</term>
<term>plinian-type eruptions</term>
<term>plumes</term>
<term>pumice</term>
<term>pyroclastics</term>
<term>siliceous composition</term>
<term>size distribution</term>
<term>stratigraphic units</term>
<term>stratovolcanoes</term>
<term>volume</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Arc insulaire</term>
<term>Caldeira</term>
<term>Composition siliceuse</term>
<term>Coulée cendre</term>
<term>Cycle éruptif</term>
<term>Dimension grain</term>
<term>Déferlante</term>
<term>Dôme</term>
<term>Effondrement</term>
<term>Eruption</term>
<term>Ile Nisyros</term>
<term>Iles Egée Grèce</term>
<term>Isopaque</term>
<term>Lithostratigraphie</term>
<term>Panache</term>
<term>Plinien</term>
<term>Ponce</term>
<term>Pyroclastique</term>
<term>Quaternaire</term>
<term>Retombée</term>
<term>Répartition grain</term>
<term>Réservoir géothermique</term>
<term>Stratovolcan</term>
<term>Unité stratigraphique</term>
<term>Volume</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en">
<term>Accretionary lapilli</term>
<term>Aegean world</term>
<term>Bimodal size distribution</term>
<term>Breccia</term>
<term>Bull geol</term>
<term>Bull volcanol</term>
<term>Bull volcanol carey</term>
<term>Caldera</term>
<term>Caldera collapse</term>
<term>Caldera floor</term>
<term>Caldera pumice</term>
<term>Caldera volume</term>
<term>Chemical composition</term>
<term>Circular isopachs</term>
<term>Clast</term>
<term>Clay chunks</term>
<term>Coastal exposure</term>
<term>Column collapse</term>
<term>Column height</term>
<term>Conduit</term>
<term>Crystal contents</term>
<term>Crystal mode</term>
<term>Deposit</term>
<term>Deposition</term>
<term>Depositional</term>
<term>Depositional regime</term>
<term>Dispersal axis</term>
<term>Dome collapse breccias</term>
<term>Druitt</term>
<term>Eastern mediterranean abyssal sediments</term>
<term>Eruption</term>
<term>Eruption column heights</term>
<term>Eruptive sequence</term>
<term>Experimental studies</term>
<term>Explosive eruptions</term>
<term>Facies</term>
<term>Fall layer</term>
<term>Finegrained surge deposits</term>
<term>Further upslope</term>
<term>Geol</term>
<term>Geotherm</term>
<term>Geothermal</term>
<term>Geothermal reservoir</term>
<term>Hydrothermal alteration</term>
<term>Ignimbrite</term>
<term>Ignimbrite eruptions</term>
<term>Isopleth</term>
<term>Isopleth patterns</term>
<term>Keller</term>
<term>Large clasts</term>
<term>Lava</term>
<term>Lava flows</term>
<term>Lava fragments</term>
<term>Limburg</term>
<term>Limestone</term>
<term>Lisa lodise</term>
<term>Lithic</term>
<term>Lithic clasts</term>
<term>Lithic contents</term>
<term>Lithic size</term>
<term>Lithics</term>
<term>Lodise</term>
<term>Loose crystals</term>
<term>Mafic</term>
<term>Mafic clasts</term>
<term>Mafic material</term>
<term>Mafic surges</term>
<term>Magma</term>
<term>Magma chamber</term>
<term>Magma discharge rate</term>
<term>Magmatic</term>
<term>Marginal column collapse</term>
<term>Marie magmatic clasts</term>
<term>Nikia lava flow</term>
<term>Nisyros</term>
<term>Nisyros caldera</term>
<term>Nisyros volcano</term>
<term>Older silicic</term>
<term>Pieter vroon</term>
<term>Plateau ignimbrite</term>
<term>Plinian</term>
<term>Plinian eruption</term>
<term>Plinian eruptions</term>
<term>Plinian fall</term>
<term>Plinian phase</term>
<term>Polybaric evolution</term>
<term>Proximal area</term>
<term>Pumice</term>
<term>Pumice clasts</term>
<term>Pumice fall</term>
<term>Pumice grains</term>
<term>Pumice mode</term>
<term>Pumice unit</term>
<term>Pumice units</term>
<term>Pyroclastic</term>
<term>Pyroclastic flow</term>
<term>Pyroclastic flows</term>
<term>Rhyodacitic nikia lava flow</term>
<term>Sigurdsson</term>
<term>Silicic</term>
<term>Size range</term>
<term>Stratigraphic</term>
<term>Stratigraphic relations</term>
<term>Surge</term>
<term>Surge activity</term>
<term>Surge beds</term>
<term>Surge deposits</term>
<term>Surge facies</term>
<term>Surge sequence</term>
<term>Tephra layers</term>
<term>Thickness distribution</term>
<term>Total thickness</term>
<term>Unaltered lava</term>
<term>Upper part</term>
<term>Upper surge units</term>
<term>Vinci</term>
<term>Volcanic eruption columns</term>
<term>Volcanol</term>
<term>Volcanol geotherm</term>
<term>Water condensation</term>
<term>Wavy bedding</term>
<term>Wesleyan university</term>
<term>Wohletz</term>
<term>Yali</term>
<term>Yali eruptions</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr">
<term>Limbourg</term>
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<front>
<div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Abstract: The island of Nisyros (Aegean Sea) consists of a silicic volcanic sequence upon a base of mafic-andesitic hyaloclastites, lava flows, and breccias. We distinguish two young silicic eruptive cycles each consisting of an explosive phase followed by effusions, and an older silicic complex with major pyroclastic deposits. The caldera that formed after the last plinian eruption is partially filled with dacitic domes. Each of the two youngest plinian pumice falls has an approximate DRE volume of 2–3 km3 and calculated eruption column heights of about 15–20 km. The youngest pumice unit is a fall-surge-flow-surge sequence. Laterally transitional fall and surge facies, as well as distinct polymodal grainsize distributions in the basal fall layer, indicate coeval deposition from a maintained plume and surges. Planar-bedded pumice units on top of the fall layer were deposited from high-energy, dry-steam propelled surges and grade laterally into cross-bedded, finegrained surge deposits. The change from a fall-to a surge/flow-dominated depositional regime coincided with a trend from low-temperature argillitic lithics to high-temperature, epidote-and diopside-bearing lithic clasts, indicating the break-up of a high-temperature geothermal reservoir after the plinian phase. The transition from a maintained plume to a surge/ash flow depositional regime occurred most likely during break-up of the high-temperature geothermal reservoir during chaotic caldera collapse. The upper surge units were possibly erupted through the newly formed ringfracture.</div>
</front>
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<name sortKey="Limburg, Ellen M" sort="Limburg, Ellen M" uniqKey="Limburg E" first="Ellen M" last="Limburg">Ellen M. Limburg</name>
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<name sortKey="Varekamp, Johan C" sort="Varekamp, Johan C" uniqKey="Varekamp J" first="Johan C" last="Varekamp">Johan C. Varekamp</name>
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